Removing Buckthorn is a long term project that requires regular maintenance.

Buckthorn was introduced to North America in the early 1800s as an ornamental plant; it was intentionally planted in home gardens because of its height and dense foliage, which could be used as an effective privacy hedge.  Buckthorn has since spread aggressively across the continent.

Removing buckthorn is important for the health of forest and prairie ecosystems. Buckthorn invades these habitats by outcompeting native plants for light, water, and nutrients. It also alters soil chemistry, which may further damage native plant communities.

Removal Methods 

First you have to know what you are dealing with. It is easiest to locate buckthorn in the fall and early spring when most plants will be without leaves. Buckthorn will still have its leaves.  Once you know what you have you can create a plan to get rid of this pesky invader. The best time to treat or remove buckthorn is summer through the late fall. 

Small seedlings can be pulled by hand and should not re-sprout.  If your plants are a little larger you may want to consider an uprooter to remove the plants.  This tool will remove slightly larger plants by popping them out of the ground and removing the root ball.  It also will save some strain on your back. It will also be easier to remove the plants when the soil is slightly wet.  If pulling by hand is not practical you can spray the foliage of short buckthorn or seedlings with a herbicide. Glyphosate (Roundup), will kill all growing vegetation it comes in contact with.

 For larger infestations you will want to make a plan.  Start by removing the berry producing buckthorn, this will limit the ability of the buckthorn to expand. If your buckthorn plants have trunks that are larger than 2” in diameter you may want to cut the stems with a chainsaw down to the surface of the soil.  You will then need to treat the stump immediately (within 2 hours) with a herbicide containing triclopyr. (Garlon)

Make sure to follow the Mn Department of Ag’s guidelines for disposing of your cut buckthorn. Guide to Removal and Disposal of Noxious Weeds in Minnesota 

Tackling your buckthorn will be an ongoing endeavor, requiring regular follow-up. With no follow up control Buckthorn will come back.  When you have eradicated this pesky invader, replanting the area with desirable trees or shrubs to minimize the bare ground will help prevent regrowth.